Legal Dimensions of Environmental Governance in Merger and Acquisition Transactions: India and Beyond

Corporate Liability, Environmental Governance, Mergers & Acquisition, Corporate Accountability

The connection between commercial dealings and environmental stewardship is becoming increasingly significant in the era of sustainable development. This study examines how environmental governance obligations are integrated into mergers and acquisitions (M&A) with a focus on corporate responsibility within Indian and International regulatory frameworks. As environmental concerns increases globally regulatory bodies are imposing stricter obligations on companies to ensure environmental compliance across the transaction lifecycles. Particular attention is paid to the necessity for due diligence in meeting environmental criteria, duty transfers, and compliance issues. In addition to international norms like the Paris Agreement’s tenets and the OECD guidelines, the research looks at significant legislation including the Environment (Protection) Act of 2010. It highlights the importance of representation and warranties, indemnity agreements and environmental due diligence in lowering liability. The findings point to a growing convergence between environmental governance and corporate law and support more transparency, stakeholder participation and robust enforcement mechanisms in M&A transactions.